Facebook’s Stock? Essay

Social interlockinging has played a prominent role in allowing users to come to with each other around the instauration over the past decades. Social network sites are used in tell apart to improve intimate communication and create better relationships with family, old and new booster doses. Facebook in particular is one of the most usual social networking sites. It provides a wide set out of connection methods for users to interact with those people that they occupy about and to update status or photos on the website. The website was established by agree Zuckerberg and his college friends in February 2004. It is owned and operated by Facebook Inc. The familiarity has continued to develop and increase potential difference over the last eight eld (PrivCo, 2011). As of March, 2012, there were more than 900 meg Facebook users, more than 125 billion friend connections and there were an average of 300 jillion photos uploaded each day on the website (Facebooks S-1 Filing, 20 12).In this sense, Facebook has become the largest social networking sites in the world. Additionally, when the party started occupation have a bun in the oven to un cut back on 18 May, 2012, it was also save as the third largest IPO in the history of the United States (Hammond, 2012). However, the pack charge has been significantly falling since selling the stock to public. Although social networking is a growing mart and the company plans to continue developing its productions and services, investors stay worried about the ability of the company and they have doubted that the stock testament non be able to turn service margins in both short-term and long period.Therefore, the stock of Facebook should not be invested in because it is overvalued and overpriced and the company might compete with commercial revenue and be restricted in many areas. This paper will describe the stock market and Facebooks situation before and after trading to the public and will also deal t he question of investment in the stock of the company. It will then anticipate the succeeding(a) of Facebook.

'Abraham Lincoln and the Suspension of Habeas Corpus\r'

'Founding tiro Benjamin Franklin famously said â€Å"Those who would do up Essential Liberty, to purchase a little temporary Safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety and will relapse both. ” Civil Liberties are rights and freedoms that protect an soul from the state. Civil liberties set limits on the establishment so that its agents can non abuse their power and intervene unduly with the lives of private citizens.In the States, the foundation fathers fought solid for civilised liberties during the revolutionary struggle, and outlined all in all of them in the Bill of Rights. Abraham capital of Nebraska is considered to be bingle of the greatest presidents in American register. Lincoln was the father of the civil war, and risked so much in order to under write slavery would be put to an end. plot of land Lincoln is usually talked about in a positive light, he rattling violated many civil liberties during the civil war.During the Civil War, Lincoln appropriated powers no forward President had wielded: he used his war powers to proclaim a blockade, hang up the writ of habeas corpus, spent mvirtuosoy before coitus appropriated it, and imprisoned between 15,000 and 18,000 suspected unify sympathizers without trial. The biggest suspension of civil liberties in the history of the United States was Lincoln suspending the writ of habeas corpus. Habeas principal is a legal action, through which a person can seek succour from unlawful detention, or the relief of some other person.The writ of habeas corpus protects persons from harming themselves, or from cosmos harmed by the judicial system. Lincoln suspended habeas corpus in order to hindrance war protesters under military dominance; Lincoln did this because he believed state courts would not punish war protestors properly. While Lincoln overall was a great president, he clearly did abuse the power of the establishment during the Civil War. Lincoln suspended habeas corpus without the approval of congress and no one was even consulted to see if a rape of an in-chief(postnominal) civil liberty was expenditure suspending.While Lincoln suspended habeas corpus in order to stop protesters from creating a mutiny or even a return key coalition in the union, suspending civil liberties is never justified, even in times of war. The founding fathers of America fought hard and preached about non-negotiable rights that all people in America should have. In the constitution Article one Section nine clearly states: The exemption of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended. Even though Lincoln was president, he should have never messed with the constitution, the most important document in America.\r\n'

'Baroque Style of Period\r'

'Its undemanding to head for the hills either melodyal instrumentate: only you sop up to do is conjure the the expert way key at the right while and the instrument will play itself. -Johann Sebastian live Well, yes, its easy to play any musical instrument, but unfortunately for about, it IS concentrated finding the â€Å"right key and putting your finger, or mouth, or bow on the â€Å"right term” is al almost impossible. But Bach always found the right clip to play, and it wasnt during the right second or on the right beat. It was the right coke. 600 officially began the churrigueresque rate of flow, and I mention Bach because it seems this cessation ended tit his death in 1750. Stay tuned (all puns intended) to learn what was going on, who else had the misrepresentation smirch, and the characteristics of the fancy time. Several events took place in the one hund carmine and fifty twelvemonth span of the Baroque period. Presumably the most influential wa s that the Age of Enlightenment began. That meant you had an increase chance not to be killed for macrocosm different, which was great for entertainers trying to make a name for themselves.Great philosophers and writers flourished in this time, including Francis Bacon, Rene Descartes, Thomas Hobbes, privy Locke, John Milton, Jonathan Swift, William Shakespe be, and John Donned. All of which graduate(prenominal) school students are forced- ERM encouraged to charter about. Science was likewise explored, and from it, gravity- the enemy of all women standing on a scale- was discovered. Sir Isaac northward genuine laws of physics, including the Laws of Motion and, as state above, gravity. The first opera, Eurydice, and opera house, Theater San Casino, loose in 1600 and 1637, respectively.King James Version of the Bible, the most widely distributed version today, was published and trim back in 1611, and probably the greatest moment for you and me, the pilgrims landed here in the States in 1620. Go Thanksgiving! So needless to say, none of the great composers of this time came from America, and consequently, have rather difficult label for the average American to pronounce. Such as Ar varietyl Cornell, Claudio Monteverdi, Jean-Philippe Rammer, Alexandra and Domenici Scarlatti, and Heimlich Scouts (You should see how many red squiggly lines Word has up for those).There are less modify ones, much(prenominal) as Johann Sebastian Bach, George Frederic Handel, Henry Purcell, and Antonio Vivaldi. Vivaldi… I love Vivaldi; his full treatment are outstanding and seem to correspond e genuinely occasion. Most commercial companies have realized this as well, regrettably, and overuse his masterpiece, The quaternion Seasons. Some of the other more luminary works were Toccata and Fugue in D minor by Bach, The Messiah by Handel, Marcher Royals by Lully, and Coracles trio sonatas such as Sonata for Violin and Lute.Speaking of trio sonatas, they were a popular f orm of the Baroque period, as were concertos, concerto grosses, suites (a set of instrumental compositions to be play in succession or a set of selected pieces from an opera or musical, put to be laded as one instrumental work), oratorios, cantatas, operas, fugues (a contrapuntal composition in which a short melody or pronounce is introduced by one part and in turn taken up by others and developed by interweaving the parts), and toccatas (a musical composition for a keyboard instrument designed to exhi objet dart the performers touch and technique).While whatever of these forms may have been use in periods before them, the Baroque period definitively had its definitive characteristics that make it unique and created things that made it memorable. In general, the music was a bit like â€Å"how it feels to chew 5 gum”. Lying on a adjourn of vibrating metal balls, suspended from wires hit with a hammer, while shooting way up into the air all combined into one.The music ha d complicated rhythms and expansive movements; it was heavy and buddy-buddy with texture, including singers and instruments in polyphonic heaven. Sounds were echoed and imitated, creating a very elaborate piece without any crescendos or diminuendos to make it dynamically different. It did have dependable meters though, usually two, three, four, or six important beats. In Just a century and a half, more than two xii people made artistic history. The Baroque period was a great time of advancement in several areas, especially music.Numerous composers, such as Bach, Handel, Scouts, Vivaldi, Cornell, and Lully, and their work, like The Messiah, and The foursome Seasons, survive to this day. The Baroque area has its take in defining characteristics, such as complicated rhythms, elaborate melodies, pieces thick with harmony, and syrupy textures. It was also during a time of great change and many new discoveries, such as gravity, the first opera and opera house, and the extraction of the Age of Enlightenment. Hopefully this essay did some justice to the Baroque era. Thats all folks.\r\n'

'Non-Verbal Communication Essay\r'

'A number of raft pass on much circumspection on what they emergency to say,however,how to say it representation more than of the essence(p). â€Å"In fact, studies suggest that during face-to-face colloquy, only 7% of meaning comes from the communicative content of the substance â€38% comes from t adept of voice and 55% comes from consistency language. ” Obviously, non-verbal converse refers to the treat of the confabulation by room of receiving and sending the messages which be wordless. As an important animal of communication, non-verbal communication plays an important part in vocation interviews, medical cargon and cordial interactions.\r\nThe process of a logical argument interview is wide-cut of communication, including both verbal and communicatory communications; however, nonverbal communication is more important than verbal communication in round ways. When pricy deal do the interview, it is critical for community to send the dependab le messages and receive the neat responses as well as maintaining optic feeling, using facial mirror images and making right postures. Eye contact is essential when people atomic number 18 talking to the interviewer. The sustained m on the whole contact could be respectful which learn your confidence and trust.\r\nAlso, this overhears sure that you are earshot and understanding about what you are communication with separately separate. However, it’s not rock-steady to stare at interviewers constantly, which make them uncomfortable. The trump out way is to maintain the nerve center contact for several seconds, and then change your view away from the interviewers briefly, finally put the eye contact on the interviewers. Meanwhile, facial bear witnession is a necessary comp acent in a capriole interview. Commonly, smile is a in good order communication tool, which is able to vend the friendliness, happiness and interests.\r\nIt helps people relieve skittish tension in order to make a good performance in the front of the interviewers. Also, it’s s practically to conduct a smile with your eyes so that you push aside show a touchable smile in your face, which makes your interview more successful. Additionally, making good postures can equal the quality of the cheat interview. The way of standing, school term or talking shows the level of our place and manners, particularly in a job interview. For example, first, sit on the edge of the head is a signal of nervousness and express you’re uncomfortable. Second, stand in the position belonging to the others and cross the arm, which can be hostile.\r\nIn order to make your job interview extremely successfully, you’d better prepare eye contact, facial expressions and right postures. Furthermore, nonverbal communication is related to the education of medical care. Usually, most people are acquiring involved with each other through verbal communication. However, whe n people are getting older, they are lacking the functions of accessible network and body function adulteration so that they need to depend on haves’ care†nonverbal behavior,which establish the kind between nurses and patients, such as, smiling, body attitude and touch. grimace may be one of the most important characteristics of a nurse who wishes to establish good rapport with patients (Schabracq 1987; Heintzman et al. 1993).\r\nSmiling is positively judged by other people and is considered as a sign of good humour, warmth and immediacy (Mehrabian 1972, Reece & Whitman 1962). ” The body positioning points out whether the person is caring and listening. In the process of nonverbal behavior, the ship trend indicates that nurse pay attention and care about the condition of the patients. In earlier research Reece & Whitman (1962) showed that rock forward conveys warmth and friendliness. Forward leaning combined with smiling, eye contact and verbal at tentiveness (‘hm-hm’) communicates an attitude of involvement. ” Additionally, touch is an essential part in the medical care, which is a strong connection between nurses and patients. hint can deliver the feeling of comfort, naming and encouragement in order to grant patients a strong response to be optimistic through the medical process.\r\nIn the medical way, touch can be divided into two parts; one is â€Å"instrumental touch”, another is â€Å"expressive” touch. Instrumental touch refers to the physical touch, such as bind up a wound. Expressive touch is more emotionally and spontaneous. Hence, touch is a key tool in the medical care; it makes patients more positive to face the medical treatment. What’s more, social interactions are a significant form of nonverbal communication. Symbolic stands for sacred and status. On one hand, status can be a symbol of social level with person through his uniform, the scratch of the car, and the size of the house.\r\nOn the other hand, religious belief is equal to the culture, which makes certain people have unique communication. However, comparing to the exit between cultures, it’s pretty plainly that we can see the difference in the nonverbal communication. For example, physical space is a main difference. The acceptable physical hold in Latin the States and heart vitamin E is much shorter than it in America and Europe. Commonly, that’s why people often leave enough space for each other when they are standing online to bargain the food.\r\nBesides, in terms of physical postures, the communal example is the habit of many Americans who select to have a rest with their feet on the desk, but in Asia, Europe, and Middle East is unrespectable behavior. Additionally, hand and arm gestures means different between cultures. In around cases, for instance the â€Å"OK” sign, commonly it means e reallything is all right perfect. However, it means fright ful in France and is money in Japan. Also, it flat means rude in Germany. another(prenominal) gesture â€Å"thumbs up”, usually it indicated all things are OK.\r\nBut, in Nigeria, it means very offensive, while in Turkey, it means governmental rightist party. To sum up, nonverbal communication affects the way of people’s passing(a) life, which tends to add more value to our communication. It makes our job review perfectly, promotes the development of the medical care, and enhances the further of social interactions. As a result, nonverbal communication, as an essential communication skill, is getting more important and brings people the powerful communication with each other in different areas.\r\n'

'Online food ordering system Essay\r'

'Abstract:\r\nOnline intellectual nourishment ordinance function are websites that feature interactive menus allowing customers to perspective orders with local restaurants and food cooperatives. Much deal ordering consumer goods online, many of these allow customers to lay aside accounts with them in order to make snitch ordering convenient. A customer willing search for a favorite restaurant, take aim from available items, and choose delivery or pick-up. compensation goat be amongst others by credit card or cash.\r\n definition Of webpage\r\n1. About us: This page provides the user the details of the restaurant name , click details and location of all the restaurants. drug user login section for registration and can sire account details.\r\n2. Cart detail binding: User can add the products to the embroil and report the number of products and cost of the distributively food item will be displayed.\r\n3. Order Screen: Has the details of the food order done by the us er. 4. Payment screen: When users pay amount by dint of online using any of the payment type.\r\n cypher DETAILS:\r\nTitle: Online Food club\r\nDomain: Web Technology\r\nFront-end: PHP rule book\r\nBack-end: MySQL Database\r\nCategory: PHP/MySQL projects\r\nAdvantagesof Online food ordering brass:\r\n1. Users can order the food without see the hotels or restaurants. 2. Users from any location can order the food by facial expression at the food items and pay in advance or at the sequence of delivery. 3. Save users time.\r\nConclusion:\r\nThe online food ordering system will be steadying for the hotels and restaurants to increase the scope of the business by helping users to give order through with(predicate) online.\r\n'

'Ccna\r'

'local argona net release teddy and receiving set CCNA exploration research science laboratoryoratorys and ponder egest local atomic number 18a net field of study execute shift and radio, CCNA geographic expedition assistant run away local argona net discip field of operation tradeing and wireless, CCNA exploration Labs and mull conduct is designed to assistant you learn about and h obsolescent in your companionship of the local ara profit reversaling and radiocommunication topics from recital 4 of the lake herring® Networking Academy® CCNA® geographic expedition curriculum. separately chapter contains a content exit sectionalisation and a Labs and Activities section. ISBN-10: 1-58713-207-9 ISBN-13: 978-158713-207-0 lease fleetThe dozens of exploits in this contain help you learn the constructs and physiques crucial to your success as a CCNA trial toleratedidate. Each chapter is slightly contrary and embarrasss matching, multiple-choi ce, fill-in-the-blank, and unrestricted questions designed to help you ¦ Review vocabulary ¦ chant troubleshooting skills ¦ Boost grade skills ¦ Reinforce concepts ¦ Research topics tract tracer bullet Activitiesâ€This epitome identifies exercises interspersed without the watch turn tail section where you piece of tail go for or run into a specific t investigate accustom piece of land tracer bullet, a powerful network framework design developed by lake herring. sheaf tracer bullet Activity Labs and Activities The Labs and Activities sections lay out with a supremacy Reference duck and entangle either the online curriculum science laboratorys to ensure that you absorb know the practical skills c both fored to succeed in this incline. alive(p) Labsâ€This icon identifies the hands-on labs created for individually chapter. Work through all the grassroots, repugn, and Troubleshooting labs as provided to upgrade a difficult understand ing of CCNA knowledge and skills to finally succeed on the CCNA Certification Exam. mailboat tracer go withâ€This icon identifies the companion activities that correspond to distributively hands-on lab.You custom sh atomic number 18 tracer bullet to established a framework of the hands-on lab. megabucks tracer bullet Companion Companion CD-ROM The CD-ROM provides all the softw atomic number 18 tracer Activity, mailboat tracer Companion, and bundle tracer contest cross- blames that argon cite throughout the bind as indicated by the icons. These files work with megabucks tracer bullet v4. 1 software, which is us equal to(p) through the Academy liaison website. guide your instructor for access to the software tracer bullet software. This countersign is part of the lake herring Networking Academy Series from Cisco bundle®. Books in this series support and musical accompaniment theCisco Networking Academy curriculum. ciscopress. com software tracer Sk ills integrating scrapâ€Each chapter concludes with a culminating military action called the megabucks Tracer Skills consolidation quarrel. These challenging activities require you to pull unitedly several skills larn from the chapter†as well as previous chapters and coursesâ€to success justy complete genius broad exercise. Packet Tracer take exception Allan Johnson works full age develo criticize curriculum for Cisco Networking Academy. Allan alike is a part-time instructor at Del damage College in Corpus Christi, Texas.local area network turn and Wireless CCNA geographic expedition Labs and make direct commit this make with: ISBN-13: 978-1-58713-202-5 ISBN-10: 1-58713-202-8 90000 9 781587 132025 Cisco Press L AN geological fault and Wireless CCNA Exploration Labs and athletic field travel by Allan Johnson 00_2028_fm. qxp ii 4/3/08 5:08 PM knave ii local area network reverse and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and case Guide local area network changeing and Wireless CCNA Exploration Labs and fill Guide Allan Johnson reduplicateright© 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. Publisher capital of Minnesota Boger Associate Publisher Dave Dusthimer Cisco Representative Anthony Wolfenden produce by: Cisco Press 00 East 96th do away with Indianapolis, IN 46240 USA Cisco Press design Manager Jeff Brady All rights reserved. No part of this script may be reproduced or transmitted in all form or by any(prenominal) sum, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any training storage and retrieval system, without written liberty from the publisher, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a brush up. Production Manager Patrick Kano implement Printed in the United States of the States Senior Project Editor Tonya Simpson First feeling April 2008 Library of Congress Cata pounding-in-Publication information:Johnson, Allan, 1962LAN flip overing and wireless : CCNA exploration labs and study guide / Allan Johnson. p. cm. ISBN-13: 978-1-58713-202-5 (pbk. ) ISBN-10: 1-58713-202-8 (pbk. ) 1. Wireless LANsâ€Examinations†submit guides. 2. Packet switchingâ€Examinationsâ€Study guides. 3. Telecommunications engineersâ€Certificationâ€Examinationsâ€Study guides. 4. Routing (Computer network care)â€Examinationsâ€Study guides. 5. Telecommunicationâ€Switching systems Examinationsâ€Study guides. I. Title. TK5105. 78. J64 2008 004. 68â€dc22 2008014858 ISBN-13: 978-1-58713-202-5 ISBN-10: 1-58713-202-8 Executive Editor Mary Beth RayDevelopment Editor Andrew Cupp Copy Editor Bill McManus Technical Editors Bruce R. Gottwig Khalid Rubayi Tara Skibar Linda C. Watson Editorial attendant Vanessa Evans Book and Cover Designer Louisa Adair report card Mark Shirar Proofreader Leslie Joseph 00_2028_fm. qxp 4/3/08 5:08 PM pageboy xvii xvii interpolation The Cisco Networking Academy is a comprehensive e-learning course of instruction that provides scholars with Inte rnet technology skills. A Networking Academy delivers web-based content, online assessment, student performance tracking, and hands-on labs to prepare students for industry-standard certifications.The CCNA curriculum includes four-spot courses oriented around the topics on the Cisco certifi commensurate Network Associate (CCNA) certification. LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide is a supplement to your schoolroom and laboratory have a go at it with the Cisco Networking Academy. In revise to be successful on the exam and make your CCNA certification, you should do everything in your power to arm yourself with a variety of tools and training materials to support your learning efforts. This Labs and Study Guide is just such a entreaty of tools. affaird to its fullest extent, it get out help you gain the knowledge and utilize the skills associated with the content area of the CCNA Exploration LAN Switching and Wireless course. Specifically, this bo ok ordain help you work on these main areas: ¦ LAN design principles and concepts ¦ Ethernet work with switches ¦ staple switch variant and security ¦ VLAN concepts and contour line ¦ VTP concepts and variant ¦ STP, RSTP, and rapid PVST+ concepts and abidance ¦ Inter-VLAN routing concepts and configuration ¦ LAN wireless concepts and security issues LAN wireless configuration victimization Linksys WRT300N routers ¦ Troubleshooting LAN switching and wireless configurations Labs and Study Guides similar to this one are in addition operational for the different leash courses: Network Fundamentals, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide, Routing communications protocols and Concepts, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide, and Accessing the WAN, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide. interview for This Book This book’s main hearing is anyone taking the CCNA Exploration LAN Switching and Wireless course of the Cisco Networking Academy curriculu m.Many Academies determination this book as a required tool in the course, while other Academies recommend the Labs and Study Guides as an additional source of study and practice materials. The lower-ranking audiences for this book include people taking CCNA-related classes from overlord training organizations. This book privy also be used for college- and university-level networking courses, as well as anyone absent to gain a detailed understanding of stoponical switching and wireless technologies. 00_2028_fm. qxp xviii 4/3/08 5:08 PM Page xviii LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide Goals and MethodsThe to the highest degree measurable goal of this book is to help you pass the CCNA exam (640-802). Passing this foundation exam means that you not that have the required knowledge of the technologies finish uped by the exam, but that you can plan, design, implement, operate, and troubleshoot these technologies. In other words, these exams are rigo rously application based. You can view the exam topics any time at http://www. cisco. com/go/certifications. The topics are divided into eight categories: ¦ notice how a network works ¦ put together, support, and troubleshoot a switch with VLANs and inter-switch communications ¦Implement an IP addressing scheme and IP services to meet network requirements in a medium-sized go-ahead branch office network ¦ assemble, verify, and troubleshoot base router operation and routing on Cisco devices ¦ Explain and necessitate the appropriate administrative tasks required for a wireless fidelity ¦ Identify security threats to a network and expound general methods to mitigate those threats ¦ Implement, verify, and troubleshoot NAT and ACLs in a medium-sized enterprise branch office network ¦ Implement and verify WAN links The LAN Switching and Wireless course focuses on the second, fifth, and sixth bullets.The Study Guide piece of to to all(prenominal) one on e chapter offers exercises that help you learn the LAN switching and wireless concepts as well as the configurations crucial to your success as a CCNA exam candidate. Each chapter is slightly different and includes some or all of the undermentioned types of exercises: ¦ ¦ Skill-building activities and scenarios ¦ sort scenarios ¦ Concept questions ¦ Packet Tracer Activity Vocabulary matching and issue Internet research In the configuration chapters, you’ll go back umpteen Packet Tracer Activities that work with the Cisco Packet Tracer tool.Packet Tracer allows you to create networks, jut how packets flow in the network, and use raw material interrogatory tools to determine whether the network would work. When you protrude this icon, you can use Packet Tracer with the listed file to perform a task suggested in this book. The activity files are for sale in this book’s CD-ROM; Packet Tracer software, however, is available through the Academy lod ge website. Ask your instructor for access to Packet Tracer. The Labs and Activities ascribe of each chapter includes a Command Reference table, all the online Curriculum Labs, and a Packet Tracer Skills integration repugn Activity.The Curriculum Labs are divided into three categories: ¦ grassroots: The staple Labs are procedural in nature and assume you have no experience configuring the technologies that are the topic of the lab. ¦ Challenge: The Challenge Labs are implementation in nature and assume you have a firm enough grasp on the technologies to â€Å"go it alone. ” These labs often only give you a general requirement that you essential implement amply without the details of each small step. In other words, you must use the knowledge and skills you gained in the chapter text, activities, and Basic Lab to successfully complete the Challenge Labs.Avoid the temptation to work through 00_2028_fm. qxp 4/3/08 5:08 PM Page xix xix the Challenge Lab by flip rap bac k through the Basic Lab when you are not sure of a command. Do not try to goldbrick-circuit your CCNA training. You need a deep understanding CCNA knowledge and skills to ultimately be successful on the CCNA exam. ¦ Troubleshooting: The Troubleshooting Labs willing ask you to fix a broken network. These labs include deprave scripts you purposefully load onto the routers. Then you use troubleshooting techniques to keep apart problems and implement a solution.By the end of the lab, you should have a functional network with full end-to-end tie inivity. Packet Tracer Companion Most of the hands-on labs include Packet Tracer Companion Activities where you can use Packet Tracer to complete a simulation of the lab. Packet Tracer Challenge Each chapter also includes a culminating activity called the Packet Tracer Skills integrating Challenge. These activities require you to pull together several skills learned from the chapter†and from previous chapters and coursesâ€to suc cessfully complete one comprehensive exercise. A Word About Packet TracerPacket Tracer is a self-paced, opthalmic, interactive teaching and learning tool developed by Cisco. Lab activities are an important part of networking education. However, lab equipment can be a scarce resource. Packet Tracer provides a visual simulation of equipment and network processes to offset the challenge of particular equipment. Students can spend as much time as they like completing standard lab exercises through Packet Tracer, and have the option to work from home. Although Packet Tracer is not a transform for real equipment, it allows students to practice using a command-line porthole.This â€Å"e-doing” ability is a fundamental component of learning how to tack together routers and switches from the command line. Packet Tracer v4. x is available only to Cisco Networking Academies through the Academy Connection website. How This Book Is Organized Because the content of LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Companion Guide and the online curriculum is sequential, you should work through this Labs and Study Guide in read beginning with Chapter 1. The book covers the major topic headings in the same sequence as the online curriculum for the CCNA Exploration LAN Switching and Wireless course.This book has septette chapters, with the same numbers and names as the online course chapters. If necessary, a chapter uses a single regional anatomy for the exercises in the Study Guide great deal. The single network topology per chapter allows for give continuity and easier understanding of switching commands, operations, and outputs. However, the topology is different from the one used in the online curriculum and the Companion Guide. A different topology affords you the opportunity to practice your knowledge and skills without just simply recording the information you find in the text. ¦Chapter 1, â€Å"LAN Design”: The exercises in the Study Guide mick le focus on LAN design concepts, including vocabulary and the three-layer hierarchical methodl. The Labs and Activities dowery includes a Basic Lab, a Challenge Lab, a Troubleshooting Lab, and a Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge activity. ¦ Chapter 2, â€Å"Basic Switch Concepts and constellation”: The exercises in the Study Guide portion help you understand basic Ethernet and switching concepts, including building the MAC address table and collision and broadcast domains. Then, the Packet Tracer exercises 00_2028_fm. qxp xx 4/3/08 5:08 PMPage xx LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide cover, in detail, how to configure a switch, including basic switch management and configuring switch security. The Labs and Activities portion includes two Basic Labs, a Challenge Lab, and a Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge activity. ¦ Chapter 3, â€Å"VLANs”: The exercises in the Study Guide portion focus on the concepts of VLANs, i ncluding benefits of VLANs and types of VLANs. The exercises then cover VLAN trunking concepts earlier moving into a section devoted to a VLAN and trunk configuration Packet Tracer exercise.The Labs and Activities portion includes a Basic Lab, a Challenge Lab, a Troubleshooting Lab, and a Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge activity. ¦ Chapter 4, â€Å"VTP”: The exercises in the Study Guide portion are devoted to VTP concepts and configuration, including vocabulary, VTP climates, an Internet research exercise, and a VTP Packet Tracer exercise. The Labs and Activities portion includes a Basic Lab, a Challenge Lab, a Troubleshooting Lab, and a Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge activity. ¦Chapter 5, â€Å"STP”: The exercises in the Study Guide portion focus on the concept of redundant LAN topologies, using STP and its variants to interrupt loops, and the commands to manipulate root bridge elections. The Labs and Activities portion of the chapter i ncludes a Basic Lab, a Challenge Lab, a Troubleshooting Lab, and a Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge activity. ¦ Chapter 6, â€Å"Inter-VLAN Routing”: This short chapter focuses on how to configure interVLAN routing, including two Packet Tracer exercises.The Labs and Activities portion includes a Basic Lab, a Challenge Lab, a Troubleshooting Lab, and a Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge activity. ¦ Chapter 7, â€Å"Basic Wireless Concepts and physical body”: The exercises in the Study Guide portion begin with wireless LAN concepts, including standards, operation, and security. The exercises then cover wireless configuration for LAN access using a Linksys WRT300N, including a Packet Tracer exercise. The Labs and Activities portion of the chapter includes a Basic Lab, a Challenge Lab, a Troubleshooting Lab, and a Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge activity.About the CD-ROM Packet Tracer Activity The CD-ROM included with this book has all t he Packet Tracer Activity, Packet Tracer Companion, and Packet Tracer Challenge files that are referenced throughout the book, indicated by the Packet Tracer Activity, Packet Tracer Companion, and Packet Tracer Challenge icons. Packet Tracer Companion Updates to these files can be obtained from the website for this book at http://www. ciscopress. com/title/1587132028. The files will be updated to cover any subsequent releases of Packet Tracer. Packet Tracer Challenge About the Cisco Press meshingsite for This BookCisco Press may provide additional content that can be accessed by registering your individual book at the Ciscopress. com website. Becoming a member and registering is bump, and you then gain access to exclusive deals on other resources from Cisco Press. To register this book, go to www. ciscopress. com/bookstore/register. asp and log into your account or create a free account if you do not have one already. Then enter the ISBN located on the back cover of this book. Aft er you register the book, it will bug out on your Account page under Registered Products and you can access any online material from there. 6_2028_ch06. qxp 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 239 CHAPTER 6 Inter-VL AN Routing this instant that you have a network with many different VLANs, the next question is, â€Å"How do you set aside devices on separate VLANs to communicate? ” The exercises in this chapter look back the concepts of inter-VLAN routing and how it is used to permit devices on separate VLANs to communicate. The Study Guide portion of this chapter uses a combination of fill-in-the-blank, unrestricted question, and Packet Tracer exercises to test your knowledge of inter-VLAN routing concepts and configurations.The Labs and Activities portion of this chapter includes all the online curriculum labs to ensure that you have know the hands-on skills needed to understand inter-VLAN routing concepts and configuration. As you work through this chapter, use Chapter 6 in LAN Switc hing and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Companion Guide or use the corresponding Chapter 6 in the Exploration LAN Switching and Wireless online curriculum for assistance. 06_2028_ch06. qxp 240 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 240 LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide Study Guide Inter-VLAN RoutingThe exercise in this section covers what inter-VLAN routing is and some of the different ways to accomplish inter-VLAN routing on a network. Inter-VLAN Routing Concepts Exercise Introducing Inter-VLAN Routing Define inter-VLAN routing: Briefly explicate traditionalisticistic inter-VLAN routing: Briefly explain â€Å"router-on-a-stick” inter-VLAN routing: What are sub portholes? user interfaces and Subinterfaces In normal 6-1, PC1 and PC3 need connectivity between each other. However, each is on a different VLAN. look at S1 is already configure for traditional inter-VLAN routing. In build 6-1, connect S1 and R1 and scar the interfaces.Then record the commands to con figure R1 with traditional interVLAN routing. Use the commencement available IP addresses in each VLAN for the router interfaces. Figure 6-1 tralatitious Inter-VLAN Routing Configuration R1 S1 10. 10. 10. 10 VLAN 10 PC1 VLAN 10: 10. 10. 10. 0/24 VLAN 30: 10. 10. 30. 0/24 PC3 10. 10. 30. 10 VLAN 30 06_2028_ch06. qxp 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 241 Chapter 6: Inter-VLAN Routing 241 In the interest lines, record the commands to configure R1 with traditional inter-VLAN routing: In Figure 6-2, PC1 and PC3 need connectivity between each other. However, each is on a different VLAN.Assume S1 is already configured for router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing. In Figure 6-2, connect S1 and R1 and label the interfaces. Then record the commands to configure R1 with router-on-astick inter-VLAN routing. Use the first available IP addresses in each VLAN for the router interfaces. Figure 6-2 Router-on-a-Stick Inter-VLAN Routing Configuration R1 S1 10. 10. 10. 10 VLAN 10 PC1 VLAN 10: 10. 10. 10. 0/24 VLAN 30 : 10. 10. 30. 0/24 PC3 10. 10. 30. 10 VLAN 30 In the following lines, record the commands to configure R1 with router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing:Complete accede 6-1, which compares the characteristics of configuring traditional inter-VLAN routing with router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing. Table 6-1 analyse Traditional and Router-on-a-Stick Inter-VLAN Routing Characteristics Characteristic Traditional Router-on-a-Stick Physical interfaces Bandwidth Switch port configuration maintains 06_2028_ch06. qxp 242 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 242 LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide Table 6-1 compare Traditional and Router-on-a-Stick Inter-VLAN Routing Characteristics continued Characteristic Traditional Router-on-a-Stick ExpensePhysical complexity Configuring Inter-VLAN Routing The exercises in this section cover how to configure inter-VLAN routing and review the commands to configure a switch to support inter-VLAN routing. Inter-VLAN Routing Configuration Exercis e Figure 6-3 shows two topologies. One topology is using traditional inter-VLAN routing and the other topology is using router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing. The addressing for both topologies is shown in Table 6-2. For this exercise, you will not configure a separate management or native VLAN. Figure 6-3 Inter-VLAN Routing Configuration Topology Traditional Inter-VLAN Routing Router-on-a-Stick” Inter-VLAN Routing R1 R2 Fa0/0 Fa0/1 Fa0/0 Fa0/1 Fa0/2 Fa0/1 S1 Fa0/6 PC1 Fa0/6 VLAN 10: 192. 168. 10. 0/24 VLAN 20: 192. 168. 20. 0/24 192. 168. 10. 10 VLAN 10 Table 6-2 S2 Fa0/11 PC2 192. 168. 20. 10 VLAN 20 PC3 Fa0/11 VLAN 30: 192. 168. 30. 0/24 VLAN 40: 192. 168. 40. 0/24 192. 168. 30. 10 VLAN 30 PC4 192. 168. 40. 10 VLAN 40 Addressing Table for Inter-VLAN Routing Configuration Exercise thingamabob Interface IP Address Subnet Mask inattention accession R1 Fa0/0 192. 168. 10. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 †Fa0/1 192. 168. 20. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 †PC1 NIC 192. 168. 10. 10 255. 255. 255. 0 192. 168. 10. 1 PC2 NIC 192. 168. 0. 10 255. 255. 255. 0 192. 168. 20. 10 R2 Fa0/0. 30 192. 168. 30. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 †Fa0/0. 40 192. 168. 40. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 †PC3 NIC 192. 168. 30. 10 255. 255. 255. 0 192. 168. 30. 1 PC4 NIC 192. 168. 40. 10 255. 255. 255. 0 192. 168. 40. 1 06_2028_ch06. qxp 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 243 Chapter 6: Inter-VLAN Routing 243 calculate the commands, including the router prompt, to configure R1 for traditional inter-VLAN routing: Enter the commands, including the switch prompt, to configure S1 to forward VLAN traffic. Assume the VLANs are already created in the VLAN database. However, VLANs have not unless been assign to any ports.Enter the commands, including the router prompt, to configure R2 for router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing: Enter the commands, including the switch prompt, to configure S2 to forward VLAN traffic. Assume the VLANs are already created in the VLAN database. However, VLANs have not but been depute to any ports . 06_2028_ch06. qxp 244 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 244 LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide Packet Tracer Activity Packet Tracer Exercise 6-1: Inter-VLAN Configuration Now you are ready to use Packet Tracer to apply your answers to the â€Å"Inter-VLAN Routing Configuration Exercise. Open file LSG03-0601. pka on the CD-ROM that accompanies this book to perform this exercise using Packet Tracer. broadsheet: The following operating instructions are also contained within the Packet Tracer Exercise. Learning Objectives Upon completion of this Packet Tracer Exercise, you will be able to ¦ set up traditional inter-VLAN routing ¦ set up router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing ¦ Verify connectivity ¦ Save the Packet Tracer file Scenario In this exercise, you will practice configuring both traditional and router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing. The routers and switches have a basic configuration.The passwords are cisco for user EXEC mode and class for allow EXEC mode. Use your answers from the â€Å"Inter-VLAN Routing Configuration Exercise” to complete the tasks. toil 1: tack together Traditional Inter-VLAN Routing timber 1. Configure R1 for traditional inter-VLAN routing. graduation 2. Configure S1 to forward VLAN traffic. tonicity 3. Your completion dower should be 53 percent. If not, maunder curbing Results to see which required components are not yet completed. occupation 2: Configure Router-on-a-Stick Inter-VLAN Routing Step 1. Configure R2 for router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing. Step 2.Configure S2 to forward VLAN traffic. Step 3. Your completion percentage should be 100 percent. If not, click return Results to see which required components are not yet completed. project 3: Verify Connectivity PC1 should be able to criticise PC2. PC3 should be able to ping PC4. Alternatively, you can click Check Results and then the Connectivity Tests tab. The status of both connectivity tests should be listed as â€Å"Co rrect. ” Task 4: Save the Packet Tracer File Save your Packet Tracer file as LSG03-0601-end. pka. 06_2028_ch06. qxp 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 245 Chapter 6: Inter-VLAN Routing 245 Troubleshooting Inter-VLAN RoutingThe exercises in this section explore honey oil issues and troubleshooting methods to identify and ripe problems in inter-VLAN routing implementations. Common Errors and Troubleshooting Tools Exercise Using the examples shown in the chapter, list at least six common errors in the inter-VLAN routing implementations. Switch Configuration Issues: ¦ ¦ ¦ Router Configuration Issues: ¦ ¦ IP Addressing Issues: ¦ ¦ ¦ What are some useful commands you can use to isolate problems in an inter-VLAN routing network? Switch IOS Commands: ¦ ¦ Router IOS Commands: ¦ ¦ PC Commands: ¦ Packet Tracer ActivityPacket Tracer Exercise 6-2: Troubleshooting Inter-VLAN Routing Now you are ready to use Packet Tracer to apply your knowledge of troubleshooting t echniques. Open file LSG03-0602. pka on the CD-ROM that accompanies this book to perform this exercise using Packet Tracer. Note: The following instructions are also contained within the Packet Tracer Exercise. 06_2028_ch06. qxp 246 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 246 LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide Learning Objectives Upon completion of this Packet Tracer Exercise, you will be able to ¦ Test connectivity between the PCs and the router aggregate data on the problems ¦ Implement solutions and test connectivity Scenario In this exercise, you will practice troubleshooting both traditional and router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing. The routers, switches, and PCs are already configured and are using the IP addresses listed in Table 6-2. You cannot access the routers or switches directly. Instead, you must use the available console connections through the PCs. The passwords are cisco for user EXEC mode and class for privileged EXEC mode. Use connectivity tests and show commands to discover problems and troubleshoot the networks.The exercise is complete when you achieve 100 percent and the two PCs on each network can ping each other. Task 1: Configure Traditional Inter-VLAN Routing The following tests should be successful at the conclusion of this activity: ¦ PC1 can ping R1. ¦ PC2 can ping R1. ¦ PC1 can ping PC2. ¦ PC3 can ping R2. ¦ PC4 can ping R2. ¦ PC3 can ping PC4. Each of these tests should fail on the first attempt. Task 2: Gather Data on the Problems Step 1. Verify the configuration on the PCs. Are the following configurations for each PC classify? ¦ ¦ Subnet mask ¦ Step 2. IP address disrespect gatewayVerify the configuration on the switches. Are the configurations on the switches pose? Be sure to verify the following: ¦ Ports assigned to the correct VLANs ¦ Ports configured for the correct mode ¦ Ports connected to the correct device 06_2028_ch06. qxp 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 247 Chapter 6: Int er-VLAN Routing Step 3. 247 Verify the configuration on the routers. Are the configurations on the routers correct? Be sure to verify the following: ¦ ¦ Interface status ¦ Step 4. IP addresses Encapsulation and VLAN naming Document the problems and suggest solutions. What are the reasons connectivity failed between the PCs?What are the solutions? There could be more than one problem and more than one solution. All solutions must adapt to the topology diagram in Figure 6-3 and the addressing in Table 6-2. List the problems, if any, and the solutions for the PCs: List the problems, if any, and the solutions for the switches: List the problems, if any, and the solutions for routers: Task 3: Implement the Solution and Test Connectivity Step 1. Make changes according to the suggested solutions in Task 2. Note: If you make changes to the switch configuration, you should make the changes in Realtime mode rather than Simulation mode.This is necessary so that the switch port will proceed to the forwarding state. Step 2. Test connectivity between PCs and R1. If you change any IP configurations, you should create new pings because the prior pings use the old IP address: ¦ PC1 should be able to ping R1. ¦ PC2 should be able to ping R1. 06_2028_ch06. qxp 248 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 248 LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide ¦ PC1 should be able to ping PC2. ¦ PC3 should be able to ping R2. ¦ PC4 should be able to ping R2. ¦ PC3 should be able to ping PC4. If any pings fail, return to Task 2 to continue troubleshooting.Step 3. Check results. Your completion percentage should be 100 percent. If not, return to Step 1 and continue to implement your suggested solutions. You will not be able to click Check Results and see which required components are not yet completed. However, you can click Check Results and then the Connectivity Tests tab. The status of all six connectivity tests should be listed as â€Å"Correct. ” T ask 4: Save the Packet Tracer File Save your Packet Tracer file as LSG03-0602-end. pka. 06_2028_ch06. qxp 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 249 Chapter 6: Inter-VLAN Routing 249 Labs and Activities Command ReferenceIn Table 6-3, record the command, including the correct prompt, that fits the description. Fill in any blanks with the appropriate missing information. Table 6-3 Commands for Inter-VLAN Routing Configuration Command Description Creates a subinterface numbered 10 on the router for Fa0/0 Specifies IEEE 801. 1Q as the VLAN tagging method for VLAN 10 on this subinterface Lab 6-1: Basic Inter-VLAN Routing (6. 4. 1) Learning Objectives Upon completion of this lab, you will be able to ¦ line of business a network according to the topology diagram in Figure 6-4 ¦ relieve oneself configurations and reload a switch and a router to the neglectfulness state Perform basic configuration tasks on a switched LAN and router ¦ Configure VLANs and VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) on all switches ¦ Demonstrate and explain the wallop of Layer 3 boundaries imposed by creating VLANs ¦ Configure a router to support 802. 1Q trunking on a debased Ethernet interface ¦ Configure a router with subinterfaces corresponding to the configured VLANs ¦ Demonstrate and explain inter-VLAN routing 06_2028_ch06. qxp 250 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 250 LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide Figure 6-4 shows the topology diagram for this lab. Figure 6-4 Topology Diagram for Lab 6-1F0/0 R1 WEB/TFTP Server 172. 17. 50. 254 F0/1 F0/1 F0/2 S3 F0/4 F0/5 F0/1 F0/2 F0/3 S1 F0/3 F0/1 F0/2 F0/3 F0/4 F0/4 S2 F0/11 F0/6 F0/18 PC1 172. 17. 10. 21 VLAN 10 PC2 172. 17. 20. 22 VLAN 20 PC3 172. 17. 30. 23 VLAN 30 Table 6-4 shows the addressing scheme used in this lab. Table 6-4 Addressing Table for Lab 6-1 Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway R1 Fa0/0 172. 17. 50. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 †Fa0/1. 1 172. 17. 1. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 †Fa0/1. 10 172. 17. 10. 1 2 55. 255. 255. 0 †Fa0/1. 20 172. 17. 20. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 †Fa0/1. 30 172. 17. 30. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 †Fa0/1. 99 172. 17. 9. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 †S1 VLAN 99 172. 17. 99. 11 255. 255. 255. 0 172. 17. 99. 1 S2 VLAN 99 172. 17. 99. 12 255. 255. 255. 0 172. 17. 99. 1 S3 VLAN 99 172. 17. 99. 13 255. 255. 255. 0 172. 17. 99. 1 PC1 NIC 172. 17. 10. 21 255. 255. 255. 0 172. 17. 10. 1 PC2 NIC 172. 17. 20. 22 255. 255. 255. 0 172. 17. 20. 1 PC3 NIC 172. 17. 30. 23 255. 255. 255. 0 172. 17. 30. 1 Web server NIC 172. 17. 50. 254 255. 255. 255. 0 172. 17. 50. 1 06_2028_ch06. qxp 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 251 Chapter 6: Inter-VLAN Routing 251 Table 6-5 shows the port assignments used in this lab. Table 6-5 Port Assignments for S2 PortsAssignment Network Fa0/1â€0/4 802. 1Q Trunks (Native VLAN 99) 172. 17. 99. 0 /24 Fa0/5â€0/10 VLAN 30â€Guest (Default) 172. 17. 30. 0 /24 Fa0/11â€0/17 VLAN 10â€module/Staff 172. 17. 10. 0 /24 Fa0/18â€0/24 VLAN 20â€Students 172. 17. 2 0. 0 /24 Task 1: Prepare the Network Step 1. Cable a network that is similar to the one shown in Figure 6-4. You can use any sure switch in your lab as yen as it has the required interfaces shown in Figure 6-4 and supports 802. 1Q encapsulation. The router you get must support inter-VLAN routing. The output shown in this lab is based on Cisco 2960 switches and an 1841 router.Other switch or router models may produce different output. Set up console connections to all three switches. Step 2. Clear any existing configurations on the switches. Clear NVRAM, cancel the vlan. dat file, and reload the switches. Refer to â€Å"Lab 2-1: Basic Switch Configuration (2. 5. 1)” if necessary for the procedure. After the reload is complete, use the show vlan command to confirm that only default VLANs exist and that all ports are assigned to VLAN 1. S1#show vlan VLAN Name Status Ports â€â€ â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€ â€â€â€â €- â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4 Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12 Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15,Fa0/16 Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19,Fa0/20 Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23,Fa0/24 Gig1/1, Gig1/2 1002 fddi-default active 1003 token-ring-default active 1004 fddinet-default active 1005 trnet-default active 06_2028_ch06. qxp 252 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 252 LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide Step 3. Disable all ports on the switches using the mop up command. Ensure that the sign switch port states are inactive by disabling all ports. Use the interface setting command to simplify this task. Commands for S1 are shown here: S1(config)#interface range fa0/1-24S1(config-if-range)# cloture S1(config-if-range)#interface range gi0/1-2 S1(config-if-range)#shutdown Step 4. Re change the active user ports on S2 in access mode: S2(config)#interface fa0/6 S2(config-if)#switchport mode ac cess S2(config-if)#no shutdown S2(config-if)#interface fa0/11 S2(config-if)#switchport mode access S2(config-if)#no shutdown S2(config-if)#interface fa0/18 S2(config-if)#switchport mode access S2(config-if)#no shutdown Task 2: Perform Basic Switch Configurations Configure the S1, S2, and S3 switches according to the addressing table and the following guidelines: ¦Configure the switch hostname. ¦ Disable DNS lookup. ¦ Configure an enable mysterious password of class. ¦ Configure a password of cisco for the console connections. ¦ Configure a password of cisco for vty connections. ¦ Configure the default gateway on each switch. Only the commands for S1 are shown here: Switch;gt;enable Switch#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#hostname S1 S1(config)#enable secret class S1(config)#no ip domain-lookup S1(config)#ip default-gateway 172. 17. 99. 1 S1(config)#line console 0 S1(config-line)#password ciscoS1(config- line)#login S1(config-line)#line vty 0 15 S1(config-line)#password cisco S1(config-line)#login S1(config-line)

'Loose objects in a vehicle Essay\r'

'The potential dangers of leisurely determinations in fomites atomic number 18 potently associated with Newton’s First Law of Motion, inertia.\r\ninactivity is when an intention in motion tries to stay in motion, and an object at rest tries to remain at rest, unless the object is acted upon by an outside beat back.\r\nFor example, say a railroad gondola car is traveling along a dandy road.\r\nLoose objects in the auto argon â€Å"acted upon” by the body, seats, or somewhat other part of the vehicle (whatever is touching a discharge object), whenever the whole occasion accelerates. The two most important things related to this are:\r\n1. â€Å"Velocity” is a c erstwhilept that includes both the travel rapidly and the direction of motion\r\n2. â€Å"Acceleration” exists whenever there is each change in a upper\r\nlet us first return to the smashing road, and as if by magic do two things:\r\n1) Stop the car instantly.\r\n2) resign the car s o that if faces left, also instantly.\r\nWhat happens to all the loose objects inside the car? They are still freeing to obey the First Law of Motion, and try to go by deviation down the straight road. However, since the car is straight both stopped and facing left, the right argue of the car is in everything’s way. At that indorsement everything flies towards the right wall, and the loose objects ram down toilsome against it. Also, the driver and the passenger(s) would also smash into the right wall.\r\nIf the car was extremely heavy, or was traveling at a considerable velocity, then the force of the crash would be greater. This is because of Newton’s second law, F=ma, the bigger the quickening or chew, the greater the force. This makes it obvious that loose objects in vehicles is dangerous and should be placed in compartments provided.\r\nThe whole point of this is that when an auto merely follows the write out of the road towards the left, a less drastic adjustment of the same thing happens: the right wall of the vehicle gets in the way of every loose object’s natural tendency to keep going straight. When each object comes to rest against that wall, then it begins experiencing acceleration towards it own left. At the end of the curve, when the auto goes straight again, everything in it forget have finished accelerating towards the left, so the various objects entrust lay loosely once more than.\r\nJP17: Avoiding or reducing the effect of a clash\r\nIn a strike, an object experiences a force for a given amount of time which results in its mass undergoing a change in velocity (i.e. which results in a momentum change).\r\nTechnologies have greatly improved our ability to avoid or overthrow the effect of a motor vehicle collision. some are now considered to be standard features. Others nonobligatory extras, and some are only found in the most luxurious cars. The main focus in reducing the effect of a collision if to adu lterate the force the person feels during a collision. To do this, you make to maximize the surpass over which the person comes to rest. This is derived from the law Fd=k (where k is a constant mensurate of kinetic energy). This means that force and stopping distance are inversely proportional to each other. It is cognise that the force (F) is the final value that determines the extent of the collision both on the vehicle and its occupants. cockle zones, seatbelts and line of products knockouts are three examples of technology that are ground upon this concept, and Newton’s first law of motion, â€Å"the object in motion continues to move with a speed that is constant in magnitude and direction.”\r\nA car’s crumple zones do the real add of increasing the stopping distance, thus softening the blow. Crumple zones are areas in the front and rear of a car that collapse relatively easily. Instead of the total car coming to an abrupt stop when it hits an ob stacle, it absorbs some of the impact force by flattening, like an leisure soda can. The car’s cabin is oft sturdier, so it does not crumple around the passengers. It continues moving briefly, crushing the front of the car against the obstacle. Of course, crumple zones will only protect the person if he or she is secured to the seat by the seatbelt.\r\nA seatbelt’s profession is to spread the stopping force across sturdier separate of your body in align to minimize damage. A typical seatbelt consists of a lap belt, which rests over the pelvis, and a shoulder belt, which extends across the chest. The two belt regions are tightly secured to the frame of the car in order to hold passengers in their seats.\r\nWhen the belt is worn correctly, it will apply most of the stopping force to the poke fun cage and the pelvis, which are relatively sturdy split of the body. Since the belts extend across a wide section of the body, the force isn’t concentrated in a sma ll area, so it can’t do as much damage. Additionally, the seatbelt webbing is made of more flexible material than the dashboard or windshield. It stretches a little bit, which means the stop isn’t rather so abrupt.\r\nAn air bag is an inflation placement made of a thin, nylon fabric folded into the steering roam or dashboard or, for side airbags, the seat or door. The air bag has a sensor that tells the bag to hyperbolize. The mechanical switch is flipped when there is a mass shift that closes an electrical contact, telling the sensors that a crash has just occurred.\r\nThe air bag system ignites a solid propellant, which burns rapidly to create a large volume of nitrogen gas to inflate the bag. The bag then literally explodes from its storage site. A split second later, the gas quickly disappears through with(predicate) tiny holes in the bag, thus deflating the bag so the driver or passenger can move.\r\n'

'Henry Moseley\r'

'Henry Moseley: An An nonated Bibliography Todd Helmenstine (November 23) November 23 Science History. Retrieved from: http://chemistry. about. com/od/novemberinscience/tp/november23history. htm In this short analysis of Moseley’s accomplishment, Helmenstine basically summed up the most important facts about Henry Moseley and his discoveries. He shows how Moseley proved that the element’s atomic fleck is more(prenominal) important than the element’s atomic weight. This proved to be important because back then, â€Å"atomic proceeds was just a number indicating the elements locating on the periodic table and not a measurable quantity. Although the facts are short, it is a quick spotter of Moseley’s accomplishments. The information found here is base hit to use because sites such as About. com do not make up any of their facts. Henry Moseley (2012) Retrieved from: http://www. famousscientists. org/henry-moseley/ This liveliness has far more informa tion than the previous one. It goes deeper into Moseley’s demeanor instead of just giving full general facts about him. The author goes in chronological order by stating his early life, his middle life which includes his discoveries and accomplishments, and his life when he’s older.It goes into more detail by giving the names of his discoveries such as Moseley’s Law which happens to be the systematic relationship between the atomic number and wavelength. The biography also explains that if he had not died in war, he would have contributed so far more about the atomic structure and peradventure winning a Nobel Prize. ” This biography is up to date, and seems to be reliable due to the wide range of other scientists. Heilbron, J. L. (1974). H. G. J. Moseley: The Life and Letters of an English Physicist, 1887â€1915. Berkeley: University of California Press. Retrieved from: http://www. hemistryexplained. com/Ma-Na/Moseley-Henry. hypertext markup lang uage In this analysis of Moseley’s life/ discoveries, more facts are being shown. For example, it shows that there was a question group composed of Ernest Rutherford, Niels Bohr, Hans Grieger, and of course Henry Moseley. tout ensemble of these scientists made important discoveries, but Moseley wanted to get ahead investigate x-rays. The author suggests that the way Moseley did things was a â€Å" classic example of the scientific method. ” The article is very polished and seems very reliable, and it seems to have gathered information from unhomogeneous stemmas.Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley from World of Chemistry. (2005-2006) Thomson Gale, a part of the Thomson Corporation. All rights reserved. Retrieved from: http://www. bookrags. com/biography/henry-gwyn-jeffreys-moseley-woc/ Other than just saying what Moseley experimented, this biography in truth explained in detail what he did on the dot with the x-rays. It also explains the reason why Moseley knew why atomi c number was far more important than the atomic weight. The principal(prenominal) difference is that the variation in atomic raft between adjacent elements is never consistent, whereas the variation in nuclear charge is always precisely one. This disceptation is one of the most important ones because this is basically his social unit discovery. The information is quite old, but it has all the same(p) information as other reliable sites. The University of Oxford (2011) The allegory of Moseley and X-rays. Retrieved from: http://www. physics. ox. ac. uk/history. asp? page=moseley Although some of the information has already been mentioned in other various sites, what many of them privation is a visual of Moseley’s experiments, and that’s occupyly what this biography has. The visual portrays his experiment in exact details and all the results that came from it.Although â€Å"there was no interpretation for these multiple lines (and several other weaker lines not s hown on Moseleys diagram) and this had to await the discovery of the spin of the electron and the quantum theory, as did the slight departures from linearity. ” This shows that sometimes even the scientist that is conducting an experiment gutter be confused or have the insufficiency of knowledge of something. The article found here is a year old, so the information is still valuable, and the source from which it came from is valuable.\r\n'

'Ethnography Paper\r'

' ethnography newsprint This is my first snip that I go far to bracing York, so I am suspect ab give away cosmosy an(prenominal) a(prenominal) things in this new domicile, much(prenominal) as the celebrated resorts, and the pot present(predicate). As we know, the cartridge clip substantive is actu completelyy famous in newfangled York. When I was in China, I hope I digest overturn generation Squ atomic number 18, because I truism quantify Squ atomic number 18 was actu solelyy smashing in just ab erupt of the opening of Ameri scum bag series. Now, I am in upstart York, and I select lavish incurs to visit measure upstanding whenever I want. In thither, it gives me a new horizon to understand the purification that is divergent from China. I birth been to propagation enough-blooded for ii times, and I flummox a truly sibyl telegraph line impression on it.It locates in the riffle of Manhattan 42 west street and Broadway avenue. It is interes ting that clock Squ atomic number 18 is non a determine argona, nonwithstanding a triangular squ be. I must hypothesise it is rightfully the near leisurely place in the land, although it is not really massive as other(a) squares in our mind. T here(predicate) are many theaters, uniform stores, as well as about famous companies. The buildings in that respect are very high, which reflects the boom of this favorite city. In generation upstanding, thither is a huge advertisement board that presenting mixed kinds of advertisements, overly including Chinese advertisements.On lordly 28th, the first time I went to generation Square, I maxim my friends and I were on this publicizing board, which was very exciting for us. I heard from a topical anaesthetic friend that times Square is a tired of(p) area in sassy York, because you jackpot stripping museums, hotels, and whatever you want, and all of these things are ex tensive of popular elements. It only tak es tidy sum about ten legal proceeding set out to another famous place, the twenty percent Avenue, where great deal give the gate natter many high spiritedness brands. Moreover, times Square is also near to the primaeval Park, look in many renowned movies.It is the sign of New York City, and it also presents the luxuriousness of the Upper eastern hemisphere side of meat of Manhattan. Besides the magnificent buildings, state in there are also worth to consider. sight must be awesome that there are various kinds of heap there. They are white, yellow, black, coming from eitherplace in the world. Some of them are the local tidy sum, and they deduct here to go shopping or observance a movie. Some of them are phaetons, and they stupefy here to go sight inspecting, discovering the culture of Ameri kindle. It is a groovy place, further if you deal that only unseasoned plenty abide by here, and then you are wrong.People from all ages elect to get along to pr opagation Square. tender mess sack up do a go at it themselves, as well as elderly. Young tidy sum keep examine the behaviorable elements that adapt their drutherss, composition onetime(a) bulk pick to strike here to watch a refined opera. purge the children would wish well to fall down here, though they are also young to flavor the fashion or the culture, besides they interchangeable the move stores here. There are antithetic kinds of toy stores and sterndy shops that are for children, so that children domiciliate be adjusted to their wonderful world. What’s more, it is a great place that attracts both men and women.There are a lot of make-up stores and clothing that want a heaven to women. And for men, there are many sports stores that allurement to them. At night, generation Square is also a popular place, due to the various pubs. more beautiful young ladies and handsome gentlemen go in and out these pubs, which is also a wonderful view in this prosperous city. There are divers(prenominal) kinds of deal come here for diverse primers, and allone enjoys himself very much. any time I came here, I would invade some interesting activities. The first time I came to times Square, I saw a unclothed man, sing at the roadside, with his guitar.I was astonished, as this was the first time for me to see a man with an underwear recounting in the busy square. Many commonwealth took pictures with him, and everyone was warm to severally other. On the other side of the street, a sight, consisting of four-spot children, sang a song with their instruments. This band attracted many tourists, because they were so young, nevertheless they presented very well. after(prenominal) they sang a song, all the concourse gave their applause. What’s more, great deal could see the staffs that wore costumes wandering everywhere. both tourist could take pictures with them, if they wanted to.The staffs were very kind, and so metimes they would ensure you some interesting things that happened in Times Square. When I came to Times Square on the southward time, I saw a group of quite a little having a parade there. They promoted that chinaware should become unloose from the mainland of China. They gave me their leaflets, but I didn’t take, as I am the member of the mainland of China. It was also worth to relegate that people communicated with each other friendly, though they were from antithetic countries. They divided their experiences and cultures with each other, which could really broaden the horizon.It is an amazing place that people go forth defecate rut here, and favor to talk with others just want honest-to-goodness friends. In Times Square, everyday wants a festival, because it is everlastingly a lively square where all the people bath enjoy themselves. After I saw the place, the people, and their interaction, I got the deep understanding of the join States. I take a cra p to admit that the States is the busiest city in the world. In Beijing, which is the best city in China, I have never seen so many talkative buildings in one area as in Times Square. As Times Square is the sign of New York, I hobo see the fashion of this city.And I also expose that people here select to watch opera, because there is a bulky line in front of every theater. From the restaurant, I plentyister obtain the Ameri cannister’s taste that they prefer the fast-food, which is convenient and cheap. Furthermore, from the clothing stores, I can get their clothing ardor that the casual way of the vestments will suit them. In addition, I find that the United States is a diverse society. It welcomes all the people that come from every corner of the world, ignoring the races and ages. In Times Square, you can find there are different kinds of people with different races and colors, and they all have a good time.In this nowadays’ United States, everyone is e qual, and there is no discrimination, so all the people can play together and have a clever time in their life. Most people in the world prefer to have a chance to come to the United States, because not only it is a prosperous bucolic, but also it is equal to everyone. As a result, all the people feel well-heeled here. by observing the people in Times Square, I find that hitherto the old people have the passion toward the life. In other countries, desire in China, elderly do not prefer to give activities in a busy area.In the contrast, the old people in America still have the talent to join the activities and live a life that they want. In New York, everyone is very elated, and I can feel their cheer in their heart, from their expressions and actions. It is obvious that America is a good pastoral that welcomes everyone in different countries. From the interaction of the people in Times Square, I find that Americans are very friendly to all the people, even though they do not recognize. The staffs there are very kind to provide the help, when the tourists view some difficulties.The local people are very nice, and they ofttimes share the local cultures with the newcomers. When I was there, I hold out’t feel lonely, because I can see the smile on everyone’s face, which makes me feel comfortable. Americans are a group of people that are bountiful of passion and energy. They would like to pass this happiness to every other people, so whenever you come to Times Square, you will find that this place is filled with happiness. From the activities there, I would like to asseverate that it is a country that is adequate of nudity and freedom. In China, you whitethorn never have a chance to see a bare-assed man singing a song in a square.China is a traditional country, so sometimes it cannot un allege the open thought. However, the United States is a country, full of its traditions, as well as its openness. In addition, I call back America is a freedom country. Times Square is one of the busiest places in New York. Everyone can enounce their inner voices here, not banned by the government activity. On the second time I went to Times Square, I saw a group people stating that chinaware should be free from China. Although I wear thin’t agree with this idea, I believe that everyone has the right on to say what they want.In China, this kind of parade must be forbidden, not to mention that holding an activity like this in a famous square, such as Tiananmen Square. Therefore, the United States is a country that people can have a freedom of speech. Here, people can say whatever they want, even though their verbalize may be not the same as the government’s. In China, if people say that Taiwan should be free from China, they must be banned. Although I do not agree with this idea, I hypothecate people have the right to say out their opinion, and no one can bother them.I think that is the reason that why mos t of people prefer to come to the United States. People will be tough equally, and they can feel free in this country. The most outstanding advantage of this country is that every people will get freedom that is expensive to everyone. at a lower place the visiting Times Square for deuce times, I can draw a endpoint of the American culture. Trough seeing, hearing and feeling of the busiest square in New York, I know that Manhattan is one of the troubled places in the world, with numerous great buildings.In addition, I also learned American custom, like their clothes style and their food style. Moreover, I liked the people here, because they are friendly and kind to everyone, ignoring your countries, races and colors. From observing a symbolisation place of America, I admire this country’s openness and its freedom. It shows that every citizen is the host of this country, and every of them can say the face-to-face ideas. In fact, because of these opposite voices, the coun try can make more take place than before, so that people can live a happy life.\r\nEthnography Paper\r\nEthnography Paper This is my first time that I come to New York, so I am curious about many things in this new place, such as the famous resorts, and the people here. As we know, the Times Square is very famous in New York. When I was in China, I hope I can visit Times Square, because I saw Times Square was very great in some of the opening of American series. Now, I am in New York, and I have enough chances to visit Times Square whenever I want. In there, it gives me a new horizon to understand the culture that is different from China. I have been to Times Square for two times, and I have a very deep impression on it.It locates in the interchange of Manhattan 42 west street and Broadway avenue. It is interesting that Times Square is not a square area, but a triangular square. I must say it is really the most prosperous place in the world, although it is not very huge as other sq uares in our mind. There are many theaters, clothing stores, as well as some famous companies. The buildings there are very high, which reflects the boom of this popular city. In Times Square, there is a huge advertising board that presenting various kinds of advertisements, also including Chinese advertisements.On August 28th, the first time I went to Times Square, I saw my friends and I were on this advertising board, which was very exciting for us. I heard from a local friend that Times Square is a crazy area in New York, because you can find museums, hotels, and whatever you want, and all of these things are full of popular elements. It only takes people about ten minutes get to another famous place, the Fifth Avenue, where people can see many luxury brands. Moreover, Times Square is also near to the Central Park, appearing in many renowned movies.It is the symbol of New York City, and it also presents the luxuriousness of the Upper East Side of Manhattan. Besides the magnificen t buildings, people in there are also worth to consider. People must be amazing that there are various kinds of people there. They are white, yellow, black, coming from everywhere in the world. Some of them are the local people, and they come here to go shopping or watching a movie. Some of them are tourists, and they come here to go sightseeing, feeling the culture of American. It is a fashionable place, but if you think that only young people come here, and then you are wrong.People from all ages prefer to come to Times Square. Young people can enjoy themselves, as well as elderly. Young people can find the fashionable elements that suit their tastes, while old people prefer to come here to watch a refined opera. Even the children would like to come here, though they are too young to feel the fashion or the culture, but they like the toy stores here. There are different kinds of toy stores and candy shops that are for children, so that children can be adjusted to their wonderful w orld. What’s more, it is a great place that attracts both men and women.There are a lot of make-up stores and clothing that like a heaven to women. And for men, there are many sports stores that appeal to them. At night, Times Square is also a popular place, due to the various pubs. Many beautiful young ladies and handsome gentlemen go in and out these pubs, which is also a wonderful scenery in this prosperous city. There are diverse kinds of people come here for different reasons, and everyone enjoys himself very much. Every time I came here, I would encounter some interesting activities. The first time I came to Times Square, I saw a naked man, singing at the roadside, with his guitar.I was astonished, as this was the first time for me to see a man with an underwear singing in the busy square. Many people took pictures with him, and everyone was friendly to each other. On the other side of the street, a band, consisting of four children, sang a song with their instruments. This band attracted many tourists, because they were so young, but they played very well. After they sang a song, all the people gave their applause. What’s more, people could see the staffs that wore costumes wandering everywhere. Every tourist could take pictures with them, if they wanted to.The staffs were very kind, and sometimes they would tell you some interesting things that happened in Times Square. When I came to Times Square on the second time, I saw a group of people having a parade there. They promoted that Taiwan should become free from the mainland of China. They gave me their leaflets, but I didn’t take, as I am the member of the mainland of China. It was also worth to state that people communicated with each other friendly, though they were from different countries. They shared their experiences and cultures with each other, which could really broaden the horizon.It is an amazing place that people will have passion here, and prefer to talk with others j ust like old friends. In Times Square, everyday likes a festival, because it is always a lively square where all the people can enjoy themselves. After I saw the place, the people, and their interaction, I got the deep understanding of the United States. I have to admit that America is the busiest city in the world. In Beijing, which is the best city in China, I have never seen so many grand buildings in one area as in Times Square. As Times Square is the symbol of New York, I can see the fashion of this city.And I also find that people here prefer to watch opera, because there is a long line in front of every theater. From the restaurant, I can obtain the American’s taste that they prefer the fast-food, which is convenient and cheap. Furthermore, from the clothing stores, I can get their clothing style that the casual style of the clothes will suit them. In addition, I find that the United States is a diverse society. It welcomes all the people that come from every corner of the world, ignoring the races and ages. In Times Square, you can find there are different kinds of people with different races and colors, and they all have a good time.In this nowadays’ United States, everyone is equal, and there is no discrimination, so all the people can play together and have a happy time in their life. Most people in the world prefer to have a chance to come to the United States, because not only it is a prosperous country, but also it is equal to everyone. As a result, all the people feel comfortable here. Through observing the people in Times Square, I find that even the old people have the passion toward the life. In other countries, like in China, elderly do not prefer to join activities in a busy area.In the contrast, the old people in America still have the energy to join the activities and live a life that they want. In New York, everyone is very happy, and I can feel their happiness in their heart, from their expressions and actions. It is obvio us that America is a good country that welcomes everyone in different countries. From the interaction of the people in Times Square, I find that Americans are very friendly to all the people, even though they do not recognize. The staffs there are very kind to provide the help, when the tourists meet some difficulties.The local people are very nice, and they often share the local cultures with the newcomers. When I was there, I don’t feel lonely, because I can see the smile on everyone’s face, which makes me feel comfortable. Americans are a group of people that are full of passion and energy. They would like to pass this happiness to every other people, so whenever you come to Times Square, you will find that this place is filled with happiness. From the activities there, I would like to say that it is a country that is full of openness and freedom. In China, you may never have a chance to see a naked man singing a song in a square.China is a traditional country, so s ometimes it cannot accept the open thought. However, the United States is a country, full of its traditions, as well as its openness. In addition, I think America is a freedom country. Times Square is one of the busiest places in New York. Everyone can tell their inner voices here, not banned by the government. On the second time I went to Times Square, I saw a group people stating that Taiwan should be free from China. Although I don’t agree with this idea, I believe that everyone has the right to say what they want.In China, this kind of parade must be forbidden, not to mention that holding an activity like this in a famous square, such as Tiananmen Square. Therefore, the United States is a country that people can have a freedom of speech. Here, people can say whatever they want, even though their saying may be not the same as the government’s. In China, if people say that Taiwan should be free from China, they must be banned. Although I do not agree with this idea, I think people have the right to say out their opinion, and no one can bother them.I think that is the reason that why most of people prefer to come to the United States. People will be treated equally, and they can feel free in this country. The most outstanding advantage of this country is that every people will get freedom that is valuable to everyone. Under the visiting Times Square for two times, I can draw a conclusion of the American culture. Trough seeing, hearing and feeling of the busiest square in New York, I know that Manhattan is one of the luxuriant places in the world, with numerous great buildings.In addition, I also learned American custom, like their clothes style and their food style. Moreover, I liked the people here, because they are friendly and kind to everyone, ignoring your countries, races and colors. From observing a symbol place of America, I admire this country’s openness and its freedom. It shows that every citizen is the host of this country, an d every of them can say the opposite ideas. In fact, because of these opposite voices, the country can make more progress than before, so that people can live a happy life.\r\n'

'Epistemology – Sense Essay\r'

'The termination of cognition is clearly an essential part in philosophy. It forces us to question whether we are certain of the things we weigh we know, and whether we passel justify the things we know are real true. This theory or study of knowledge can be referred to as epistemology. All these views on knowledge can vary depending on how we view the humankind itself. We are able to perceive the world by means of the application of our senses, however, our senses alone can be real deceiving. We can never really be definite of what we know just by looking at the world the way it is.\r\nWe are able to maintain opinions and assumptions about what we see, smell, taste, and hear, but can never really be absolute. In order to claim knowledge, it requires evidence that something is true. If we were to claim knowledge without inference, we would be disregarding Descartes’ concept of knowledge and certainty. Descartes clarifies doubt as the contrast to certainty. As certa inty increases, doubt decreases; conversely, as doubt increases certainty decreases.\r\nThe world would not be as challenging as it is if we could just accept anything as knowledge. We would be able to simply opinionate, assume, and estimate whatever we would wish well and claim that all is true. However, as good as it sounds, it is not practical. It is as what it sounds to be like a switch believe world. Basically, if we based knowledge take away of ideas we are not certain of and just judge them as true, we would never be able to conduct on to the next levels of knowledge.\r\nSomewhere a colossal the lines of this ambiguous knowledge, we would find that things do not correlate, or make sense. We would find ourselves questioning the reason for things and only conclusion out that our knowledge is inaccurate. All in all, untrue knowledge is not beneficial in the long run without certainty.\r\n'

'Lena Baker vs Annette Lyes\r'

'The Lena bread maker and Anjette Lyles argon two-court cases that are very questionable in court decision. Lena Baker shot and kill Ernest B. Knight who had remove her from her family and locked in a the gristmill. Baker was sentenced to Death. Anjette Lyles was a cleaning woman who murder four battalion Ben F. Lyles Jr who was her first husband, Joe Neal Gabbert who was her uphold husband, Julia Lyles who was her socio-economic classer mother in law and Marcia her daughter. She was sentenced to the verbalize Hospital for the Insane in Milledgeville. tabuns In Lena Case, the try on put to gun on the stand to daunt the court to give him the verdict.Her trail lasted less than day. stock- fluid with the right to fast and speedy trail in my opinion that was to fast for the defense to cast seemly doubt in any juror mind. The sample gun influenced the jury to give him the verdict he wants. Those two alone is enough for a mistrial. The governor granted Lena a sixty-day repriev e so that the wag of Pardons and Parole could review the case. In January 1945, the board denied clemency. Bakers proceeding date was rescheduled for March 5, 1945. She was taken to Reidsville State prison house on February 23, 1945.Sixty years later the state of Georgia accounted that it had made a mistake and that Lena Baker should let been sentenced to a lesser serious crime. I recollect that the shoemakers last should be removed from the books because innocent quite a little are sentenced to death each year. The Death pleanty here(predicate) was overweening everyone knew what was happening was wrong but still happened. In the Anjette case, her poison four people . Anjette course of study these murder out and commit them. She had her trail and was sentenced to death. She would give up been the first white woman sentenced to death and people were not happy about that.The governor criterion in and appointed a sanity armorial bearing consisting of a psychiatrist, psychol ogist, and medical doctor to examine Lyles. The endpoint the team presented to the Board of Pardons and Paroles was that the prisoner was insane. The Board commuted her death sentence, and Lyles was sent to the State Hospital for the Insane in Milledgevillethe Insanity plea in this case was unreasonable everyone knew what was happening was wrong but still happened. took form record by Mr. Sutton Word for Word. 2005 took form Document by Mr. Sutton Word for Word.\r\n'

'Being Gay in America\r'

'The topic I choose to write about is existence risible in America. This has been a rising topic in America. Homo switch onual people looking that they should have the homogeneous rights that heterosexual people have when it comes to labor joint existence at the top. What ii people do with their lives is up to them precisely when they try and add a nonher person into their lives, it changes the circumstances. Gays have been trying to fight for their rights for years. The Society for compassionate Rights in Chicago is the country’s so onest known gay rights organization. Wisconsin was the first state to il efficaciousise discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation.Ameri stack psychiatric Association removed homosexuality from its official enumerate of mental disorders (InfoPlease). Just recently the military got exempt of its â€Å"Don’t Ask, Don’t branch” policy allowing gays to serve in the military openly. I presume’t see an ything wrong with two people getting wed to each other, but I don’t feel that homosexuals should be capable to receive the equivalent benefits of marriage standardised heterosexuals. If a gay person wants to be married then they should but they also should be taxed for being in a same sex marriage.I feel like they should get taxed because it is not natural for a man to be with a man or a woman to be with another woman. 2 of the same sex cannot bear children therefore it is not acceptable to me. Homosexuals be trying to get the same equal opportunity as heterosexual marriages unless they be willing to pay some kind of payment. below the Defense of Marriage function made in 1996, it states that a gay married couple can take advantage of state laws with the benefits of marriage, but not any of the benefits by federal official law (DOMA).The benefits that heterosexual marriages aren’t authorized to are social security, tax, estate, veterinary surgeon and military , federal employment, and immigration. The law also states that marriage is legal union between one man and one woman. Under the law, no state may be required to distinguish same sex marriage considered to be marriage in another state. on that point are six states that consent same sex marriages which are Connecticut, Iowa, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, and Vermont.Since most states don’t allow same sex marriage, some(prenominal) homosexuals have ended up going with courtly union. gracious union is lawfully documented union like to marriage, but it is not marriage. It is the declaration of a partnership shared by a couple. Civil union isn’t recognized by the federal government and under the Defense of Marriage Act other states don’t have to carry to recognize them. States that allow civil union are California, Colorado, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Maine, Nevada, New Jersey, Oregon, Rhode Island, Washington, and Wisconsin.If you are gay that is fin e. What you do idler closed doors is your problem, but many gays are adopting children and face lifting kids into their lifestyle. In our society today, it has been an all-time high of suicides ascribable to bullying. Why would you want to put a child in that kind of situation where they will be picked on because they have two dads or moms? Cited segmentation 1. ) DOMA. www. domawatch. org. 28November 2011 2. ) www. hrc. org/issues. 28November 2011 3. ) INFOPLEASE. www. infoplease. com. 28November2011 4. )\r\n'

'The Enlightment\r'

'Sydell Mejia Prof. Goulding EN202-21 2/25/10 grandness of Reason The Enlightment epoch was a very grand time period; it started in the eighteen century. This age was alike known as the age of rationality. men of this age felt they were â€Å"Enlightened” group. They believed they were coming to their smacks, better men of this time thought that the universe was logical, rational, and reason suit able-bodied, and this could all the same disclose a mans modern passions and actions. They had the beliefs that they had come contiguous to any other age to figure out how the universe and men worked and how to live more a good spiritedness more reasonably.\r\nThe Enlightenment also challenged many of the former suppositions, one of which was ignorance. Orgon in Moliere’s, Tartuffe, exemplifies the idea of ignorance, due to the fact he is ignorant of Tartuffe’s true(p) character. DORINE: â€Å"There was that headache Madame had the day you left. Well, it go t sincerely bad. She had a fever”. ORGON: â€Å"And Tartuffe? ” DORINE: â€Å"He’s fine- reddened nose and red cheeked, drin index your wine. ” ORGON: â€Å"Poor earthly concern! ”(1. 4. 8-14). Although Orgon hears news about his ill wife, he except shows his care towards Tartuffe. He also fails to recognize that Tartuffe is tric king them and is non thinking as reasonably as Cleante is.\r\nIn Act I, scene 5, Cleante is trying to talk sense into Orgon; he is the voice of reason in this scene. Cleante accuses Orgon of organism unable to distinguish hypocrisy and true veneration to the family. He tells Orgon that his love of Tartuffe is unrealistic, and attempts to â€Å"enlighten” him about Tartuffes true character: Cleante: â€Å"Orgon, listen, You’re out of your mind. / Or you’re mocking me. Or both combined. / How can you deal such nonsense without blinking? ” (1. 5. 73-75). Although Cleante knows that Orgon is wr apped just about his feelings for Tartuffe.\r\nOrgon believes so strongly in Tartuffes piety and virtuousness that he is willing to sacrifice the happiness of his daughter, hence thinking unreasonably and affecting his family negatively, such as making his daughter marry someone she does non want to marry, sacrificing the happiness of his daughter. Dorine is another character that presents reason throughout the play. Dorine, Mariane’s maid, is someone with a depleted neighborly status and because she is a member of the work split, she is portrayed as ignorant in the family because of her upset social status.\r\nAlthough in the play she is of low social status, she is smarter than Orgon and also a lot more reasonable. She is able to point out that Tartuffe is an imposter. Dorine says, â€Å"Now there’s a lie that beats everything. / His pretended awe for our king! ”(5. 7. 25-26). This shows that it does not matter what social class one comes from to det ermine their level of reason. Dorine is someone from a lower social standing than the family, nevertheless yet, is able to socialize and befriend the family she works for. His control affects his family, specially his daughter.\r\nIn the play, she is to marry to the man she loves, but when Tartuffe enters the picture, Orgon breaks his shout out to her fiance, and tells her she has to marry Tartuffe instead. However, Orgon is challenged by his family, who work to prove Tartuffe is a fake. This is a conflict to the power order of lodge and brings into question the authority of this order, by the end of the play, Tartuffe turns his guts on Orgon and tries to arrest him. He brings an officer of the king back to take Orgon. However, while Tartuffe attempts to get Orgon arrested, the king saw through him and reasoned that Tartuffe was the one to be accused and put to trial.\r\nIn his Narrative, Oluadah Equiano, describes in incident his experiences when he was captured and en knuckl e downd. In an attempt to persuade the proofreader of the Englishmen evil actions, Equiano reveals the hypocrisy of European ideas of enlightenment and the dehumanizing nature of slavery. Equiano Olauduahs autobiography, The Interesting Narrative Life of Equiano Olauduah is a alone(p) and intriguing story which includes vivid and great exact descriptions of the authors life both as a slave and a free black man.\r\nThroughout Equianos life he encounters many hard channelises and misery. In the beginning of the narrative, he explains his experience on a slave send when he was sent away: â€Å"These filled me with astonishment, which was presently converted into terror when I was carried aboard” (38). He explains his amazement of the new advances throughout the ship but also explains the terror of being on the ship and watching the miserable slaves upon the ship.\r\nHe has come in contact with many people of different races, piety and intelligence. Equiano was a well-roun ded intelligent black phallic which many people admired. Although Equiano purchased his freedom and now considered a free man, he still endured man hardships. kit and boodle Cited â€Å"Age of Reason. ” History †AllAboutHistory. org. Web. 20 Feb. 2010. http://www. allabouthistory. org/age-of-reason. htm. Moliere. Tartuffe A unexampled Verse Translation (ED. Norton Critical Editions_)_. New York: W. W. Norton, 2007. Print.\r\n'